Compare South Africa (2004) - Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2002)

Compare South Africa (2004) z Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2002)

	South Africa (2004)	Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2002)

Administrative divisions	9 provinces; Eastern Cape, Free State, Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo, Mpumalanga, North-West, Northern Cape, Western Cape	none (territorial collectivity of France); note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are two communes - Saint Pierre, Miquelon at the second order
Age structure	0-14 years: 29.5% (male 6,337,468; female 6,254,925) 15-64 years: 65.3% (male 13,898,269; female 14,017,559) 65 years and over: 5.2% (male 886,801; female 1,323,508) (2004 est.)	0-14 years: 25.4% (male 904; female 864) 15-64 years: 64.4% (male 2,288; female 2,193) 65 years and over: 10.2% (male 303; female 402) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	corn, wheat, sugarcane, fruits, vegetables; beef, poultry, mutton, wool, dairy products	vegetables; poultry, cattle, sheep, pigs; fish
Airports	728 (2003 est.)	2 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 144 over 3,047 m: 10 2,438 to 3,047 m: 5 1,524 to 2,437 m: 51 914 to 1,523 m: 67 under 914 m: 11 (2004 est.)	total: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 584 1,524 to 2,437 m: 34 914 to 1,523 m: 300 under 914 m: 250 (2004 est.)	-
Area	total: 1,219,912 sq km land: 1,219,912 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Prince Edward Islands (Marion Island and Prince Edward Island)	total: 242 sq km land: 242 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes eight small islands in the Saint Pierre and the Miquelon groups
Area - comparative	slightly less than twice the size of Texas	1.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	After the British seized the Cape of Good Hope area in 1806, many of the Dutch settlers (the Boers) trekked north to found their own republics. The discovery of diamonds (1867) and gold (1886) spurred wealth and immigration and intensified the subjugation of the native inhabitants. The Boers resisted British encroachments, but were defeated in the Boer War (1899-1902). The resulting Union of South Africa operated under a policy of apartheid - the separate development of the races. The 1990s brought an end to apartheid politically and ushered in black majority rule.	First settled by the French in the early 17th century, the islands represent the sole remaining vestige of France's once vast North American possessions.
Birth rate	18.38 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)	14.96 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	revenues: $37.48 billion expenditures: $41.46 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA billion (2003)	revenues: $70 million expenditures: $60 million, including capital expenditures of $24 million
Capital	Pretoria; note - Cape Town is the legislative center and Bloemfontein the judicial center	Saint-Pierre
Climate	mostly semiarid; subtropical along east coast; sunny days, cool nights	cold and wet, with much mist and fog; spring and autumn are windy
Coastline	2,798 km	120 km
Constitution	10 December 1996; this new constitution was certified by the Constitutional Court on 4 December 1996, was signed by then President MANDELA on 10 December 1996, and entered into effect on 3 February 1997; it is being implemented in phases	28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of South Africa conventional short form: South Africa former: Union of South Africa abbreviation: RSA	conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon conventional short form: Saint Pierre and Miquelon local long form: Departement de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon local short form: Saint-Pierre et Miquelon
Currency	rand (ZAR)	euro (EUR); French franc (FRF)
Death rate	20.54 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)	6.61 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	$25.9 billion (2003 est.)	$NA
Dependency status	-	self-governing territorial collectivity of France
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Cameron H. HUME embassy: 877 Pretorius Street, Pretoria mailing address: P. O. Box 9536, Pretoria 0001 telephone: [27] (12) 342-1048 FAX: [27] (12) 342-2244 consulate(s) general: Cape Town, Durban, Johannesburg	none (territorial collectivity of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Barbara Joyce Mosima MASEKELA chancery: 3051 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 232-4400 FAX: [1] (202) 265-1607 consulate(s) general: Chicago, Los Angeles, and New York	none (territorial collectivity of France)
Disputes - international	managed dispute with Namibia over the location of the boundary in the Orange River	none
Economic aid - recipient	$487.5 million (2000)	approximately $60 million in annual grants from France
Economy - overview	South Africa is a middle-income, emerging market with an abundant supply of natural resources; well-developed financial, legal, communications, energy, and transport sectors; a stock exchange that ranks among the 10 largest in the world; and a modern infrastructure supporting an efficient distribution of goods to major urban centers throughout the region. However, growth has not been strong enough to lower South Africa's high unemployment rate; and daunting economic problems remain from the apartheid era, especially poverty and lack of economic empowerment among the disadvantaged groups. High crime and HIV/AIDS infection rates also deter investment. South African economic policy is fiscally conservative, but pragmatic, focusing on targeting inflation and liberalizing trade as means to increase job growth and household income.	The inhabitants have traditionally earned their livelihood by fishing and by servicing fishing fleets operating off the coast of Newfoundland. The economy has been declining, however, because of disputes with Canada over fishing quotas and a steady decline in the number of ships stopping at Saint Pierre. In 1992, an arbitration panel awarded the islands an exclusive economic zone of 12,348 sq km to settle a longstanding territorial dispute with Canada, although it represents only 25% of what France had sought. The islands are heavily subsidized by France to the great betterment of living standards. The government hopes an expansion of tourism will boost economic prospects. Recent test drilling for oil may pave the way for development of the energy sector.
Electricity - consumption	181.2 billion kWh (2001)	38.13 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports	6.91 billion kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports	6.2 billion kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production	195.6 billion kWh (2001)	41 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Njesuthi 3,408 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Morne de la Grande Montagne 240 m
Environment - current issues	lack of important arterial rivers or lakes requires extensive water conservation and control measures; growth in water usage outpacing supply; pollution of rivers from agricultural runoff and urban discharge; air pollution resulting in acid rain; soil erosion; desertification	recent test drilling for oil in waters around Saint Pierre and Miquelon may bring future development that would impact the environment
Environment - international agreements	party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	-
Ethnic groups	black 75.2%, white 13.6%, Colored 8.6%, Indian 2.6%	Basques and Bretons (French fishermen)
Exchange rates	rand per US dollar - 7.5648 (2003), 10.5407 (2002), 8.6092 (2001), 6.9398 (2000), 6.1095 (1999)	euros per US dollar - 1.06594 (January 2001), 1.08540 (2000), 0.93863 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Thabo MBEKI (since 16 June 1999); Executive Deputy President Jacob ZUMA (since 17 June 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Thabo MBEKI (since 16 June 1999); Executive Deputy President Jacob ZUMA (since 17 June 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president elections: president elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term; election last held 2 June 1999 (next to be held 24 April 2004) election results: Thabo MBEKI elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - 100% (by acclamation) note: ANC-IFP is the governing coalition	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Claude VALLEIX (since 9 October 2002) head of government: President of the General Council Marc PLANTAGENEST (since NA) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held, first round - 21 April 2002, second round - 5 May 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the General Council is elected by the members of the council
Exports	NA (2001)	$12 million f.o.b. (1999)
Exports - commodities	gold, diamonds, platinum, other metals and minerals, machinery and equipment (1998 est.)	fish and fish products, soybeans, animal feed, mollusks and crustaceans, fox and mink pelts
Exports - partners	UK 12.6%, US 12.4%, Japan 9.2%, Germany 8.1%, China 4.7%, Italy 4.4% (2003)	US 43%, Egypt 14%, Japan 11%, Colombia 8% (1999)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	calendar year
Flag description	two equal width horizontal bands of red (top) and blue separated by a central green band which splits into a horizontal Y, the arms of which end at the corners of the hoist side; the Y embraces a black isosceles triangle from which the arms are separated by narrow yellow bands; the red and blue bands are separated from the green band and its arms by narrow white stripes	a yellow sailing ship facing the hoist side rides on a dark blue background with a black wave line under the ship; on the hoist side, a vertical band is divided into three parts: the top part is red with a green diagonal cross extending to the corners overlaid by a white cross dividing the square into four sections; the middle part has a white background with an ermine pattern; the third part has a red background with two stylized yellow lions outlined in black, one on top of the other; the flag of France is used for official occasions
GDP	purchasing power parity - $456.7 billion (2003 est.)	purchasing power parity - $74 million (1996 est.); supplemented by annual payments from France of about $60 million (1996 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 3.8% industry: 31% services: 65.2% (2003)	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $10,700 (2003 est.)	purchasing power parity - $11,000 (1996 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	1.9% (2003 est.)	NA%
Geographic coordinates	29 00 S, 24 00 E	46 50 N, 56 20 W
Geography - note	South Africa completely surrounds Lesotho and almost completely surrounds Swaziland	vegetation scanty
Highways	total: 362,099 km paved: 73,506 km (including 2,032 km of expressways) unpaved: 288,593 km (2000)	total: 114 km paved: 69 km unpaved: 45 km (1994 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: 1.1% highest 10%: 45.9% (1994)	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	transshipment center for heroin, hashish, marijuana, and cocaine; cocaine consumption on the rise; world's largest market for illicit methaqualone, usually imported illegally from India through various east African countries; illicit cultivation of marijuana; attractive venue for money launderers given the increasing level of organized criminal and narcotics activity in the region	-
Imports	NA (2001)	$55 million f.o.b. (1999)
Imports - commodities	machinery and equipment, chemicals, petroleum products, scientific instruments, foodstuffs (2000 est.)	meat, clothing, fuel, electrical equipment, machinery, building materials
Imports - partners	Germany 16.6%, UK 8.5%, US 8.2%, Japan 5.9%, China 5.9%, Saudi Arabia 5.2%, France 5% (2003)	France 44%, Canada 40% (1999)
Independence	31 May 1910 (from UK); note - South Africa became a republic in 1961 following an October 1960 referendum	none (territorial collectivity of France; has been under French control since 1763)
Industrial production growth rate	5% (2003 est.)	NA%
Industries	mining (world's largest producer of platinum, gold, chromium), automobile assembly, metalworking, machinery, textile, iron and steel, chemicals, fertilizer, foodstuffs	fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets; tourism
Infant mortality rate	total: 62.18 deaths/1,000 live births male: 65.87 deaths/1,000 live births female: 58.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)	8.18 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	5.9% (2003 est.)	2.1% (1991-96 average)
International organization participation	ACP, AfDB, AU, BIS, C, FAO, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MIGA, MONUC, NAM, NSG, ONUB, OPCW, PCA, SACU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNITAR, UNMEE, UNMIL, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO, ZC	FZ, WFTU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	1 (2000)
Irrigated land	13,500 sq km (1998 est.)	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Constitutional Court; Supreme Court of Appeals; High Courts; Magistrate Courts	Superior Tribunal of Appeals or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel
Labor force	16.35 million economically active (2003)	3,000 (1997) (1997)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 30%, industry 25%, services 45% (1999 est.)	fishing 18%, industry (mainly fish-processing) 41%, services 41% (1996 est.)
Land boundaries	total: 4,862 km border countries: Botswana 1,840 km, Lesotho 909 km, Mozambique 491 km, Namibia 967 km, Swaziland 430 km, Zimbabwe 225 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 12.08% permanent crops: 0.79% other: 87.13% (2001)	arable land: 13.04% permanent crops: 0% other: 86.96% (1998 est.)
Languages	11 official languages, including Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Pedi, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu	French (official)
Legal system	based on Roman-Dutch law and English common law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations	French law with special adaptations for local conditions, such as housing and taxation
Legislative branch	bicameral Parliament consisting of the National Assembly (400 seats; members are elected by popular vote under a system of proportional representation to serve five-year terms) and the National Council of Provinces (90 seats, 10 members elected by each of the nine provincial legislatures for five-year terms; has special powers to protect regional interests, including the safeguarding of cultural and linguistic traditions among ethnic minorities); note - following the implementation of the new constitution on 3 February 1997 the former Senate was disbanded and replaced by the National Council of Provinces with essentially no change in membership and party affiliations, although the new institution's responsibilities have been changed somewhat by the new constitution elections: National Assembly and National Council of Provinces - last held 14 April 2004 (next to be held NA 2009) election results: National Assembly - percent of vote by party - ANC 69.7%, DA 12.4%, IFP 7%, UDM 2.3%, NNP 1.7%, ACDP 1.6%, other 5.3%; seats by party - ANC 279, DA 50, IFP 28, UDM 9, NNP 7, ACDP 6, other 21; National Council of Provinces - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats - 15 from Saint Pierre and 4 from Miquelon; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: elections last held 19 and 26 March 2000 (next to be held NA April 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PS 12, PRG 2, UDF-RPR 5 note: Saint Pierre and Miquelon elect 1 seat to the French Senate; elections last held NA September 1995 (next to be held NA September 2004); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPR 1; Saint Pierre and Miquelon also elects 1 seat to the French National Assembly; elections last held, first round - 9 June 2002, second round - 16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UDF 1
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 44.19 years male: 44.39 years female: 43.98 years (2004 est.)	total population: 77.93 years male: 75.66 years female: 80.32 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 86.4% male: 87% female: 85.7% (2003 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99% male: 99% female: 99% (1982 est.)
Location	Southern Africa, at the southern tip of the continent of Africa	Northern North America, islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, south of Newfoundland (Canada)
Map references	Africa	North America
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to edge of the continental margin	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	total: 4 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 31,505 GRT/37,091 DWT by type: container 1, liquefied gas 1, petroleum tanker 2 foreign-owned: Denmark 1, Netherlands 1 registered in other countries: 7 (2004 est.)	none (2002 est.)
Military - note	with the end of apartheid and the establishment of majority rule, former military, black homelands forces, and ex-opposition forces were integrated into the South African National Defense Force (SANDF); as of 2003 the integration process was considered complete	defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches	South African National Defense Force: Army, Navy, Air Force, and Medical Services	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$2,653.4 million (2003)	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	1.7% (2003)	-
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 11,924,500 (2004 est.)	-
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 7,247,696 (2004 est.)	-
Military manpower - reaching military age annually	males: 471,221 (2004 est.)	-
National holiday	Freedom Day, 27 April (1994)	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality	noun: South African(s) adjective: South African	noun: Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women) adjective: French
Natural hazards	prolonged droughts	persistent fog throughout the year can be a maritime hazard
Natural resources	gold, chromium, antimony, coal, iron ore, manganese, nickel, phosphates, tin, uranium, gem diamonds, platinum, copper, vanadium, salt, natural gas	fish, deepwater ports
Net migration rate	-0.29 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)	-4.89 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Pipelines	condensate 100 km; gas 1,052 km; oil 847 km; refined products 1,354 km (2004)	-
Political parties and leaders	African Christian Democratic Party or ACDP [Kenneth MESHOE, president]; African National Congress or ANC [Thabo MBEKI, president]; Democratic Alliance or DA (formed from the merger of the Democratic Party or DP and the Freedom Alliance or FA) [Anthony LEON]; Inkatha Freedom Party or IFP [Mangosuthu BUTHELEZI, president]; New National Party or NNP [Marthinus VAN SCHALKWYK]; Pan-Africanist Congress or PAC [Stanley MOGOBA, president]; United Democratic Movement or UDM [Bantu HOLOMISA]	PRG [leader NA]; Rassemblement pour la Republique or RPR [leader NA]; Socialist Party or PS [leader NA]; Union pour la Democratie Francaise or UDF [leader NA]
Political pressure groups and leaders	Congress of South African Trade Unions or COSATU [Zwelinzima VAVI, general secretary]; South African Communist Party or SACP [Blade NZIMANDE, general secretary]; South African National Civics Organization or SANCO [Mlungisi HLONGWANE, national president]; note - COSATU and SACP are in a formal alliance with the ANC	NA
Population	42,718,530 note: South Africa took a census October 1996 that showed a population of 40,583,611 (after an official adjustment for a 6.8% underenumeration based on a postenumeration survey); estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2004 est.)	6,954 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	50% (2000 est.)	NA%
Population growth rate	-0.25% (2004 est.)	0.35% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	Cape Town, Durban, East London, Mossel Bay, Port Elizabeth, Richards Bay, Saldanha	Saint Pierre
Radio broadcast stations	AM 14, FM 347 (plus 243 repeaters), shortwave 1 (1998)	AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios	-	4,000 (1997)
Railways	total: 22,298 km narrow gauge: 21,984 km 1.065-m gauge (10,436 km electrified); 314 km 0.610-m gauge note: includes a 2,228 km commuter rail system (2003)	0 km
Religions	Christian 68% (includes most whites and Coloreds, about 60% of blacks and about 40% of Indians), Muslim 2%, Hindu 1.5% (60% of Indians), indigenous beliefs and animist 28.5%	Roman Catholic 99%
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2004 est.)	at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: the system is the best developed and most modern in Africa domestic: consists of carrier-equipped open-wire lines, coaxial cables, microwave radio relay links, fiber-optic cable, radiotelephone communication stations, and wireless local loops; key centers are Bloemfontein, Cape Town, Durban, Johannesburg, Port Elizabeth, and Pretoria international: country code - 27; 2 submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 2 Atlantic Ocean)	general assessment: adequate domestic: NA international: radiotelephone communication with most countries in the world; 1 earth station in French domestic satellite system
Telephones - main lines in use	4.844 million (2002)	4,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular	16.86 million (2003)	0 (1994)
Television broadcast stations	556 (plus 144 network repeaters) (1997)	0 (there are, however, two repeaters which rebroadcast programs from France, Canada, and the US) (1997)
Terrain	vast interior plateau rimmed by rugged hills and narrow coastal plain	mostly barren rock
Total fertility rate	2.18 children born/woman (2004 est.)	2.1 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate	31% (includes workers no longer looking for employment) (2003 est.)	9.8% (1997) (1997)
Waterways	-	none

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